Baqiyyatullah (بقية الله)
Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said that greetings to Qa’im (our souls May be sacrificed for Him) is to say:
«اَلسلام علیکَ یا بقیةَ الله»
“peace be upon you, O the Remainder of Allah”.
Amir al-mu’minin Ali (PBUH) said:
He is the Remainder of Allah, that is Hazrat Mahdi (as), who will appear at the End of time, after the expiration of this period, will fill the earth with installment and justice, as it has been filled with oppression and tyranny.
A letter has been issued from the Hazrat Baqiyyatullah Al-Azam (May God hasten His Appearance) with the following them:
Whenever you intended turning to us and turning to God through us , then say as God Almighty has said: “Peace be upon you, O the Remainder of God on earth.”
Aba Saleh (اباصالح)
God the Almighty says in the Holy Quran :
«ولَقَدْ كَتَبْنَا فِي الزَّبُورِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الذِّكْرِ أَنَّ الْأَرْضَ يَرِثُهَا عِبَادِيَ الصَّالِحُونَ»
Certainly We wrote in the Psalms, after the Torah: -Indeed My righteous servants shall inherit the earth.
(al Anbiaa, 105)
Aba Saleh means the father of the righteous servants and the father of the good deed.
The righteous servants are the companions of Imam Zaman (may God hasten his reapperance) who are His flag holders. They bear His commands and they are deep-seated and firmly fixed in good deeds.
Imam Baqir (peace be upon him) interpreted this holy verse (surah al Anbiaa, v. 105) and said:
The righteous servants are the companions of Imam Zaman (may God hasten his reapperance) who will appear at the End of time.
The title “Aba Saleh” was taught by Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) to the believers. He said that whenever you were caught in disasters and you wanted to find the right path, pray to Imam Zaman with these words:
O Saleh, and O Aba Saleh (the father of the righteous servants and the father of the good deeds) please guide us to the straight path.
Qa’im (قائم)
God the Almighty says in the Holy Quran :
«شهِدَ اللّه أنّهُ لا إلهَ إلّا هُوَ والملائكةُ وأولُو العلم قائمًا بِالقسط لا إلهَ إلّا هُوَ العزيز الحكيم»
Allâh bears witness that there is no other, cannot be and will never be one worthy of worship but He, and (so do) the angels and those possessed of true knowledge, upholding the justice. There is no other, cannot be and will never be one worthy of worship but He, the All-Mighty, the All-Wise.
(al Emraan, 18)
The upholder is the one who rises up and upholds the justice and the truth of Islam.
This title is specialized for the last Imam, Imam Mahdi (may God hasten his reapperance) who upholds and maintains the justice all over the world.
One of the best companies of Imam Sajjad (named Abu Hamze Sumalli) asked Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) about the cause of this specialty. Imam Sajjad (peace be upon him) said:
When Imam Hussain (peace be upon him) was martyred, the angels started crying and complaining to God. God the Almighty said to them:
O my angels keep calm! Swearing to my honor and glory I will take my revenge from the killers.
Then God revealed the manifestation of the Holy Imams to the angles. The angles saw that one of them was praying straight_stand, in the middle of others and was shining like a bright star. God the Almighty said :
He is Qaeem (the upholder) , He is the one who takes revenge from my enemies. So Qaeem means the one who rises up and upholds the justice and the truth of Islam.
Mahdi (المهدی)
God the Almighty says in the Holy Quran :
«وجعلناهم أئمة يهدون بأمرنا وأوحينا إليهم فعل الخيرات وإقام الصلاة وإيتاء الزكاة وكانوا لنا عابدين»
And We appointed them leaders, who guide the people by Our command, and We revealed to them the good deeds and the prayer and the almsgiving. And they were all our worshipers
(al Anbiaa, 73)
One who is the absolute guide, a guide who is the leader of all.
Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him and his household) called the last Imam by the name of “Mahdi” and called him a guide who is the leader of all:
He is Mahdi, who will fill the earth with installment and justice, as is full of oppression and tyranny.
And also he mentioned: The last Imam is called “Mahdi” , since he guides the people to the path they have lost .
Messiah (مسیح)
God the Almighty says in the Holy Quran :
«إذ قالتِ الملائكةُ يا مَريمُ إنَّ اللّه يُبَشّرُكِ بِكلمةٍ مِنهُ اسمُهُ المَسيحُ عیسى ابنُ مَريمَ وَجيهًا في الدّنيا والآخرةِ ومِنَ المُقرّبين»
When the angels said, ‘O Mary, Allah gives you the good news of a Word from Him whose name is Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, distinguished in the world and the Hereafter and one of those brought near [to Allah].
(al Emraan, 45)
Messiah is a name for the promised Savior in the scriptures and the Holy books. Messiah is one of the attributes of Prophet Jesus , meaning the Annointed One, But is used as an expression for the ” Expected Blessed Savior.”
The remainder of Allah, Imam Mahdi (may God hasten his reapperance) is the last and the best saviour that inherits all the virtues and attributes of other prophets. He reveals the miracle of Prophet Jesus and acts like him.
So Imam Sadiq (peace be upon him) said : When Imam Mahdi (may God hasten his reapperance) rises, he leans against the Holy Kabaa, saying :
If anyone wants to see Prophet Jesus, so here I am, look at me, as I’m the Jesus!
Bihar Al-Anwar
Al-Ihtijaj
Al-Burhan